What is mascara made out of?

The composition of mascara varies greatly depending on the brand and price point. There isn't a single "mascaras are made of..." answer. However, we can break down common components:

Common Ingredients in Mascara:

• Water: Often the largest component, acting as a solvent and carrier for other ingredients.
• Film-Forming Polymers: These are crucial for creating the film that coats the lashes, providing length, volume, and curl. Examples include:
  • Carnauba wax: Provides hold and shine.
  • Beeswax: Similar properties to carnauba wax.
  • Polymers (synthetic): These are often proprietary blends, but they provide flexibility, hold, and water resistance. Specific names vary widely.
• Pigments: Provide color, usually black or brown, often using carbon black or iron oxides.
• Emollients: Soften and condition lashes, reducing brittleness. These can include oils like castor oil, jojoba oil, or mineral oil.
• Preservatives: Extend the shelf life and prevent bacterial growth. Examples include parabens (though these are becoming less common due to concerns about potential health effects), phenoxyethanol, and sorbic acid.
• Thickeners: Increase the viscosity of the mascara, making it easier to apply and build up.
• Surfactants: Help to blend the different components together and aid in application.
• Fragrances: Added for scent, though many opt for fragrance-free versions.
• Conditioning agents: Often include vitamins and other ingredients to improve lash health (though the effectiveness of these is sometimes debated).

Mascaras marketed with specific "natural" ingredients might use:

• Plant-based waxes: Beyond beeswax, you might find candelilla wax, rice bran wax, or others.
• Plant-based oils: Argan oil, coconut oil, olive oil, etc., are often touted for conditioning benefits.

It's important to note that even "natural" mascaras usually contain some synthetic ingredients to provide the desired texture, longevity, and performance. Always check the ingredient list to see the specific composition of a particular mascara.